In the hours after the Charlie Hebdo shootings earlier this month, my social media news-feeds were colonized by the Je suis Charlie hash-tag. Yours probably were too. I even considered posting it myself. Perhaps you did. But over the next few days, my initial urge to express solidarity with the victims—victims who did not deserve to die for drawing cartoons, no matter how offensive—was tempered by a flood of articles reminding me that Charlie Hebdo was in fact quite a racist publication and one that regularly ridiculed not only Muslims, but practitioners of all religions. So while I mourn for Charlie, I am not Charlie.
I am not Charlie because while I support the rights of a press that’s free to print offensive material, I’m also troubled by the magazine’s willful stoking of anti-Muslim sentiment in a continent that is becoming increasingly hostile toward Islam and its adherents. In Germany, where my husband and I work as Mennonite church planters and community builders, Muslims make up about 6 percent of the population. Although they make up a rather small segment of society, Muslims are the source of a disproportionate amount of anxiety among average Germans. A poll conducted by the Bertelsmann Foundation think-tank last November found that fifty-seven percent of non-Muslim Germans say that they feel “threatened” by Islam, with forty percent agreeing that they “feel like foreigners in their own country” due to the presence of Muslims. Publications like Charlie Hebdo profit from this irrational fear and encourage the further marginalization of the Muslim minority by setting them and their beliefs up as targets for ridicule.
Recent months have seen the rise of the right-wing populist movement PEGIDA, an acronym for “Patriotic Europeans Against the Islamization of the West.” The movement departs from recent populist rhetoric that blamed foreigners more generally or membership in the European Union for Germany’s problems. Instead, PEGIDA locates the source of unrest in German society in the growing influence of a religion, Islam, and, by extension, the five million Muslims who call Germany home. For PEGIDA, it is interloping Islam that’s changing the face of German society, and not for the better. PEGIDA’s leaders pit the country’s supposed Islamization against its traditional “Judeo-Christian” values. But one gets the sense that PEGIDA is also suspicious of religion that takes itself too seriously. Christianity is acceptable insofar as it is an expression of authentic German heritage. But PEGIDA’s affinity for Christianity stops short of embracing Jesus and his radical call to love its enemies.
In the wake of Charlie Hebdo, we as Mennonite Witness Workers in Europe are challenged to persistently re-define for our non-religious friends and neighbors what it means to follow Jesus. We must explain that “Judeo-Christian values” do not include alienating and ridiculing Muslims. We must also resist the urge to position ourselves as “moderates” in relation to the “radicals” whose religious ideology motivates them to commit acts of terror. We too must be extreme in our commitment to loving our neighbors and welcoming the stranger. We must demonstrate with our actions that the solution to radical religious violence is neither tepid traditionalism nor strident secularism, but radically non-violent religion. The cardinal virtues of secularism—freedom, tolerance, irreverence—are incapable of transcending the deep differences that divide us and forming genuine community. Only love can do that. Love that enables us to feel the pain of scape-goating suffered by Europe’s Muslims and horror at the destruction of the image of God that occurs whenever any human being is murdered. This is the love that Jesus demonstrated in his life and in his death—extreme, radical love in the face of extreme violence.
Jennifer Otto works in partnership with the South German Mennonite Conference (VdM) and Mennonite Church Canada Witness as a church worker and community builder in Mannheim, Germany.
Comments on this Blog entry
Stay in touch with the conversation, subscribe to the RSS feed for comments on this post.
Thanks for this post from a neighboring country dealing with the same issues as we are here in France. Secularist ideology in France has trouble with what you are saying, and those who question “je suis Charlie” on social media and in newspaper articles are often being met with resistance, but are also finding kindred minds. I agree in substance with what you are saying, and many people with a Christian (or Muslim) faith perspective do as well and are saying so. This is a very important debate, because it has to do with what is at the heart of European democracies and the place of faith communities therein.
Yes, yes, I agree wholeheartedly! I am living in Burkina Faso, West Africa, alongside Muslim neighbors. Several members of our family and churches are of Muslim background. Burkina is between two of the many countries which demonstrated against the image of Mohamed in the latest periodical, one in which a number of churches were burned during the demonstration. Please how can we bring across the message that respect and consideration is called for in relation to all religions and peoples?
Indeed, I am Charlie, if I use my freedom of speech to defame, or be perceived to be defaming, people and groups whose religious and/or political views are different from my own; and if my speech, writings, cartoons, or films satirize or ridicule such people or groups to the point where they express their anger through horrendous violence and acts of terror; and if in response to such violence and acts of terror I join in solidarity with the powerful who pledge to use their right to bear arms to escalate their war on terror; and if my free speech continues to defame others in ways that inflame even more violence.
A playground bully who uses words to hurt another needs to be reminded that a joke or jest is not funny or entertaining if it is not received as such. Our speech can violate another.
Are we intent on protecting our own rights or respecting the rights of others?
When feelings of violation alienate people and threaten to escalate into violence, the right to speak freely needs to be directed toward efforts of reconciliation with those who are offended.
“In humility regard others as better than yourselves. Let each of you look not to your own rights but to the rights of others.”
Thank you Jennifer for expressing my feelings. It is a tragedy that people are killed for posting cartoons and for that I suppose that I would have been in the march if I had been in Paris, however I cannot support the kinds of cartoons they print about Islam, Christianity, etc. In post Christian Europe religion in general is viewed with skepticism and hostility. Wars and disorder are blamed on religious beliefs, while ignoring that the greatest killings of the last century were propagated by non-religious regimes. I suppose the people of Charlie Hebdo would call themselves post ideology and are only commenting on the hypocrisy of religious people. Unfortunately, they also insult the billions who don’t participate or support such violent responses to images and words they don’t like.
Ironically in Niger Muslims have attacked and burned many churches and killed some Christians , because France is seen as a Christian nation. I only hope that Muslim leaders will respond to attacks on Christians and “apostate” Muslims with as much vigor that they protest cartoons.
As far as the Western world is concerned the temptation to Islamaphobia will not solve or reduce the violence, but only exacerbate it. The West needs to view Muslims as individual people of different sects and realize that the differences within Islam cause more death and destruction to Muslims than non-Muslims. There is no doubt that fanatical followers of Islam are a threat to non-Muslims and Muslims alike, but lets be careful to not to paint all them with the same brush as we did to communists and socialists during the cold war. It may not happen as quickly as we like, but this obsession with death and punishment will burn itself out at some point. People cannot live like this for long whether they are Muslim or Christian.
Just yesterday I uploaded the February issue of El Mensajero, our monthly online publication for Anabaptists in Spain (and wherever else Spanish is spoken). Antonio González and myself each wrote our reactions on this subject (without being aware the other was doing so).
In my article I pointed out what I understand to be the irreverent, gross, and mocking nature of Charlie Hebdo’s humor, but then went on to the opinion that we religious folk may be quick to respond with intolerance and violence when we are mocked, because we take ourselves way too seriously. We take offense when people laugh at our beliefs, which are probably a lot funnier than we understand. I also pointed out that unlike Moses and Muhammad, who both went to war, Jesus is not known to have ever killed anyone. This makes Christian terrorist violence (I included an engraving from the “Martyr’s Mirror”!) especially hard to understand and explain.
Antonio González’s article went quite a bit farther in its analysis of the special difficulties peace-loving Muslims have because of the close association of Muhammad with state building and military conquest, which proceeded in parallel with his spiritual leadership. Ancient Israel didn’t develop a monarchic state for centuries. And Christianity only became a state religion in the 4th Century. But Muhammad himself personally fused state/military power and religion. González also points out, of course, that such distinctions are liable to not sound very convincing to Middle-Easterners, who still remember the Crusades. It is no secret that an overwhelming majority of Christians have always, unconditionally, backed state violence as a matter of course.
Thank you Jennifer for speaking to this event. I appreciate your identifying the fact that those killed were not deserving of death, but that the magazine was racist in it’s comments. I also like your reminder that an event such as this calls us to look at ourselves and to be ready to speak of our faith and how it guides our actions.
Titus Guenther:
Please check out link to Rabbi Michael Learner’s powerful and instructive article on the same deadly attack in Paris and the media’s questionable coverage of it. I found both Otto’s and Lerner’s analyses very hope inspiring.
Rabbi Michael Lerner Become a fan
Editor, Tikkun Magazine
• Email
•
Mourning the Parisian Journalists Yet Noticing the Hypocrisy
http://www.huffingtonpost.com/rabbi-michael-lerner/mourning-the-parisian-jou_b_6442550.html
January 21, 2015